1.空化作用
1. Cavitation
空化作用就是超聲波以每秒兩萬次以上的壓縮力和減壓力交互性的高頻變換方式向液體進行透射。在減壓力作用時，液體中產生真空核群泡的現(xiàn)象，在壓縮力作用時，真空核群泡受壓力壓碎時產生強大的沖擊力，由此剝離被清洗物表面的污垢，從而達到精密洗凈目的。
Cavitation is the transmission of ultrasonic wave to the liquid in the high-frequency transformation mode of the interaction of compression force and pressure reduction more than 20000 times per second. During pressure reduction, vacuum core bubbles are generated in the liquid. Under compression, vacuum core bubbles will generate strong impact force when crushed by pressure, thus stripping dirt on the surface of the cleaned object, thus achieving the purpose of precision cleaning.
在超聲波清洗過程中，肉眼能看見的泡并不是真空核群泡，而是空氣氣泡，它對空化作用產生抑制作用降低清洗效率。只有液體中的空氣氣泡被完全脫走，空化作用的真空核群泡才能達到*佳效果。
In the ultrasonic cleaning process, the bubbles visible to the naked eye are not vacuum core bubbles, but air bubbles, which inhibit cavitation and reduce cleaning efficiency. Only when the air bubbles in the liquid are completely removed, can the vacuum-core bubble of cavitation achieve a good effect.
2.直進流作用
2. Direct inflow
超聲波在液體中沿聲的傳播方向產生流動的現(xiàn)象稱為直進流。聲波強度在0.5W/cm2時，肉眼能看到直進流?垂直于振動面產生流動，流速約為10cm/s。通過此直進流使被清洗物表面的微油污垢被攪拌，污垢表面的清洗液也產生對流，溶解污物的溶解液與新液混合，使溶解速度加快，對污物的搬運起著很大的作用。

The phenomenon that ultrasonic waves flow in the liquid along the direction of sound propagation is called straight inflow. When the sound wave intensity is 0.5W/cm2, can the naked eye see the direct inflow? Flow is generated perpendicular to the vibration surface, and the flow rate is about 10cm/s. Through this direct inflow, the micro-oil dirt on the surface of the cleaned object is stirred, and the cleaning fluid on the surface of the dirt also produces convection. The solution that dissolves the dirt is mixed with the new liquid, which accelerates the dissolution speed and plays a great role in the transportation of the dirt.
3.加速度作用
3. Acceleration
液體粒子推動產生的加速度。對于頻率較高的超聲波清洗機，空化作用就很不顯著了，這時的清洗主要靠液體粒子超聲作用下的加速度撞擊粒子對污物進行超精密清洗。
Acceleration caused by liquid particles. For the ultrasonic cleaner with higher frequency, the cavitation effect is not significant. At this time, the cleaning mainly relies on the acceleration impact particles of liquid particles under the ultrasonic effect to carry out ultra-precision cleaning of dirt.
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